MYOMA Türkçe için tıklayınız


Ultrasonographic view of myoma.

Myoma is a benign tumor, originated from myometrium of the female uterus. It is seen 20% among the women between 20-35 years of age. Its incidence increases by age. It is almost 40% above the age of 45.

It is more common among the women, who had never given birth. It is more frequent in some families as well. But it is unusual after the onset of the menopause, even it disappears after the menopause.

Myoma causes some symptoms according to its localization on the uterine walls. They mostly cause 3 common symptoms, due to their number, size and location in the uterus: bleeding, pain and infertility.

Myoma, located on the inner wall of the uterus causes the most intense bleeding. In the presence of the myoma in the uterus, the menstrual bleeding increase in amount and coagulated blood is observed. Having heavy bleeding during the menstruation, the woman feels tired and she is prone to infections than normal. She has to see a doctor as soon as possible in this case.

 

Two different myoma located in the uterine myometrium.

A small myoma locallized where the tube begins.

When the myoma does not give any symptoms, the woman cannot notice; and if she had not seen a doctor, the myoma continues to grow up in the uterus. Big myoma causes pain and pressure according to its location. First of all, the woman feels a sensation of pulling downwards through the uterus, and she has a feeling of fullness in the pelvic area.

Myoma located on the front face of uterus causes pressure on the urinary bladder, which leads to frequent peeing and sometimes woman feels burning sensation. If myoma is localized on the posterior face of the uterus, it causes pressure to the bowels, which leads to defecation problems.


Myoma can also lead to infertility, according to the number, size and location in the uterus. If located on the outermost wall of the uterus, it may not lead to infertility. But I have to emphasize that, in the presence of myoma, if woman becomes pregnant, she may have an abortion. If it is not resulted by abortion, there may be some problems in giving birth, like the regular birth pains may not begin, the duration of the delivery may increase, there may be much more bleeding through uterus. So the myoma has to be removed by surgery.

A small pedinculated myoma localized on the front face of the uterus.

Myoma formation
in the muscular layer of the uterus - A

Myoma can only be removed by surgical operation. There is no drug or medication, which removes myoma. There are some drugs, which only can decrease the size of the myoma; but while using the drug, the menopause begins and the woman will have menopausal symptoms. And if the drug is used to decrease the size of the myoma, then it becomes so hard to remove it by surgery.

A very well educated doctor should remove the myoma from the uterus whatever the size, number and location for the good sake of the reproductive aged and child-desiring woman.

Myoma can be removed by either laparotomy or laparoscopic surgery. Only number and size of the myoma can make this decision. If it is bigger than 7cm, or if they are more than 4 in number, or if localized close to fallopian tubes, the myoma has to be removed by laparotomy. The pedinculated myoma can be excised by laparoscopic surgery.

If the woman desires for pregnancy, it is permitted after 4 months of removal of the myoma.

If the woman is close to menopause and she has no symptoms, there is no need for the treatment.

Myoma formation
in the muscular layer of the uterus - B
(Closer view)

 

For your questions, ask Mulazim YILDIRIM,MD

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